Biol 1441- Principles of Biology II

Comparison of Vertebrate Digestive Systems

Amphibian
frog

l.outer Stomach

r. inner stomach, note folds and beetle remains near top

Avian
pigeon

Gizzard
Note stones for grinding and thick muscular wall

Mammalian
rat

stomach moved downward from under liver (top)

Sony Mavica FD71 digital image by C. Brown, 1999